3- The past Simple tense
⦁ الماضي البسيـط :ـ هـو التصـريــف الثاني للفعـل بإضـافـة
( d - ed - ied) للفعـل مـا عـدا الأفعـال الشـاذة .
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(baked-stopped-fried-stayed)
.I visited my uncle last week. - She played football yesterday-
The usages:
⦁ للتعبير عن حدث وقع وانتهى فى الماضى فى وقت محدد
. Action happened and finished in a definite time in the past
.Ex 1 : They went shopping last month
.Ex 2 : I met my best friend down town yesterday
.Ex 3 : I read the later
.Ex 4 : I wanted to ask about
used to + inf
⦁اعتاد أن( فعــل )( يعبر عن عادة كانت تحدث فى الماضي ولم تعد تحدث الآن)
I used to play football when I was young.
He used to be a driver, but now he isn’t.
⦁ في النفي نستخـدم didn't use to + inf
I didn't use to play football when I was young.
He didn't use to be fat but now he is.
Did +فاعل + use to + inf ?
⦁ وفي الاستفهام نستخـدم
Did she use to cry a lot when she was a baby?
⦁ تستخدم no longer بدلا مـن used to ويأتي بعدها الفعل في المضارع البسيط المثبت.
He used to live here. ( no longer )
He no longer lives here.
⦁ تستخدم any more ـany longer بدلا من used to مع نفى الفعل في المضارع البسيط و تأتى في نهاية الجملة.
He used to live here. (any more)
He doesn’t live here any more.
⦁ إذا انتهـى الفعــل بحـــرف ساكـن مسبــوق بحــرف متحــرك يضـاعـف الحــرف الساكــن .
travel travelled stop stopped
⦁ يستخـدم في الجمـلة الشـرطـيـة في الحـالـة الثـانيـة مـن قـاعـدة If .
If he played well, he would win the match.
⦁ يستخـدم مـع wish ليـدل علـى أن الأمنيــة أو الافتـراض غيـــر حقيقي .
I wish I were a doctor.
⦁ يستخدم مع التعبيرات الآتية ويعتبر ماضي غير حقيقي
I wish + فاعل + ماضي بسيط
It's time + فاعل + ماضي بسيط
I would rather + فاعل + ماضي بسيط
Ex 1: I wish Ali played well.
Ex 2: It's time he arrived.
Ex 3: I would rather she helped him.
نفى الماضي البسيــط :ـ عنـد نفـى الماضي البسيـط نستخــدم ) المصــدر didn’t + )
I finished my work early.
The negation - I didn't finish work early.
- الكلمــات الدالــة عليـــه :ـ |
|||||
yesterday
|
أمس
|
in the past
|
في الماضي
|
last
+ زمنية مدة
|
الماضي
|
ago
|
منذ ـ فيما مضى
|
in ancient times
|
في العصور القديمة
|
||
once
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ذات مرة
|
one day
|
في يوم ما
|
||
Last week He had a party.
I
visited my uncles a week ago.
| |||||
Pronunciation rules:
T replaces D in the past tense, after an unvoiced consonant sound — p, k, s, f, ch, sh.
T: laughed, hoped, raced, watched, washed,
Exceptions: wicked شرير, naked عارٍ, crooked منحنى او ملتوى, etc.
-
الماضى البسيط فى
المبنى للمجهول :ـ
Object
+( was – were ) + pp
Active: She cleaned the room.
Passive: The room was cleaned by her.
Fill in the spaces with the correct words to
complete the simple past sentences.
1. I....................(play) video games last night.
2. Michael....................( (jump) on the sofa.
3. We....................( (go) to school yesterday.
4. Dana....................( (watch) a movie yesterday.
5. Last night,
it....................( (rain) very hard.
6. He....................( (write) his name on the book.
7. The computer....................( (break) 2 weeks ago.
8. The girls....................( (make) a sand castle at the beach last
weekend.
9. I....................( (open) the door 3 minutes ago.
10. He....................( (forget) his jacket at his house.
11.to England by
plane? (to go)
12.They.………….a
farm two weeks ago. (to visit)
13.Jenny and
Peggy.………….their brother. (not/to help)
14.The children.………….at
home last weekend. (not/to be)
15.When.………….you.………….this
wonderful skirt? (to design)
16.My mother.………….into
the van. (not/to crash)
17.The boys.………….the
mudguards of their bicycles. (to take off)
18.………….you
…………..your aunt last week? (to phone)
19……………milk at
school. (not/to drink)
20…………………phoned
your brother yesterday?Bottom of Form
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